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Estoniae-MTA

Register fixed-term end dates at hiring; new checks for foreign workers

Estonian employment register now spells out mandatory data, work-type codes and visa-type expiry; third-country hires need address and title.

By Taxxa AI OyPublished 5 November 2026

Payroll & Labour

Industry: Across industries

An employer registering employment in Estonia must ensure the full mandatory set reaches the registerEmta: the employee, the start, the type and the detail data that type requiresEmta. Under the simplified phone or SMS route the employer files only employer code, employee code and start dateEmta and completes the entry with the work type and remaining dataEmta within seven calendar daysEmta. The employee is identified by Estonian personal code, or without a code by first name, family name and birth dateEmta. Birth-date registration covers at most five days of workEmta; where work lasts longer than five days the employee must obtain an Estonian personal codeEmta. Where a foreign worker has no Estonian code and objectively cannot obtain one before starting, the employer may register the work by birth date for up to five daysEmta, and when the code arrives the birth-date entry is converted into a code entry without starting a new oneEmta.

The start is the day work starts under an employment contract, the effective date of a võlaõiguslik leping, or the day of taking office in public serviceEmta. The type comes from the work-type tableEmta. Where work is fixed-term, the registration must also include the termination dataEmta. Detail data are the work-time rate, the job title, the workplace location, the riigikaitselise ametikoha mark and the taustakontrollile allutatud isiku markEmta. Whether rate, title and location are mandatory depends on the work type, the employer and the employeeEmta, as the table shows for each codeEmta. In addition, location and job title are always required where the employee is a third-country or undefined-citizenship national living in Estonia on a fixed-term residence permit allowing work, or staying on a visa or visa-free with a short-term work rightEmta.

The work-type table maps each Maksukorralduse seadus category to its register type and codeEmta, states whether health insurance follows, and states whether rate, title and workplace address are mandatoryEmta. The register type and the payout code on the income- and social-tax return TSD must correspondEmta. For TSD-based health insurance the declared social tax, from one employer or summed across employers, must reach the monthly minimum obligationEmta. Visa-based VÕS work under code 602 and visa-based management- or control-body remuneration under code 603 remain available for new registrations only until 31 October 2025Emta; other VÕS work uses code 600Emta and other board remuneration uses code 601 on a TSD basisEmta.

The work-time rate is the contractual rateEmta, not the hours actually workedEmta: full time 1,0Emta and part time such as 0,25, 0,5 or 0,75Emta. It is entered only for the work types the table marksEmta. A changed rate is entered within ten calendar days after the change dayEmta. Under a flexible work-time agreement the entered rate is the agreed minimum rateEmta with a paindlik tööaeg note in the employer additional-information fieldEmta; the statutory minimum enterable rate is 0,25Emta and a range cannot currently be enteredEmta. When the flexible agreement is replaced by fixed hours, the rate is corrected and the note removed within ten calendar days after the new rate takes effectEmta Emta.

The defence-duty and background-check marks follow their own approvalsEmta. Riigikaitselise ametikoha posts are kept under government regulations for state bodies and vital-service providersEmta, after a risk analysis and ministry approvalEmta, with supervision by Kaitseressursside Amet. A vital-service provider marks background-checked persons only for the critical tasks fixed in an approved risk analysisRiigiteataja, after informing the persons concernedEmta.

Legal basis: Maksukorralduse seadus § 254 lõige 1 together with Maksukohustuslaste registri põhimäärus § 53 lõike 2 punktid 7 ja 11–13 ning lõige 4Emta.

When registering employment, file the employee, start, type and required detail data — including end data for fixed-term work — and check the work-type table for foreign hires.

Sources